Bone Marrow Transplant

Kemik İliği NakliThe bone marrow produces blood cells. Stem cells are immature cells found in the bone marrow that make up all the different blood cells. Stem cells, which are the source of all structures in the human body and have rapid self-renewing properties, offer hope in the treatment of many diseases, including some types of cancer. Hematopoietic stem cells are used in bone marrow transplants. Stem cells are transferred to the patient, i.e. the recipient, via the vascular access. For this purpose, intravenous devices called central venous catheters are used. After the transplant, immature cells start living in the bone marrow. It is important to closely monitor the patient’s condition in the days and weeks following the bone marrow transplant. For this, a series of blood tests and the like can be applied to the patient. Complications such as nausea and diarrhea may be observed, and medications may be needed to treat them.
Bone marrow transplantation is performed successfully in our country as well as in the developed blood centers of the world. Although it varies based on the type of leukemia and donor suitability, the results are positive. A success rate of 43% to 83% is achieved. HOW TO GET BONE MARROW? Bone marrow transplant is the process of administering stem cells from the patient himself or from another person to the patient. Generally, there are 2 types of transplants. The process of returning one’s own stem cells is called ‘autologous’, while the process of donating stem cells from someone else is called ‘allogeneic’ transplantation. The allogeneic transplant can be performed by an identical (sigeneic) twin or by a perfectly matched mother, father, brother or sister or non-consensual person. In recent years, transplants from semi-compatible family members have also been performed. These transplants from semi-compatible parents, siblings, or children are called haploidentical transplants. When new stem cells enter the body, they travel from the blood to the bone marrow. Over time, they multiply and start producing new healthy blood cells. While it usually takes a few weeks for the number of blood cells in the body to return to normal, for some people it may take longer.